´º¿å ¿¬¹æÁغñÀºÇà, ´º¿å½Ã

The Federal Reserve Bank of New York, New York City

 

        

 

[±×¸²¼³¸í] »ç¹«¼Ò ÀϹÝÃþ Æò¸éÀº ¿¬¹æÁغñÀºÇàÀÇ ¼­ºñ½º Äھ »ç¹«¼Ò °ø°£¿¡¼­ ¿ÜºÎ·Î Æ¢¾î³ª¿Í ÀÖÀ½À» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. °Ç¹°Àº ÇØ°¡ µå´Â µµ½É ÇöóÀÚ¸¦ °Å¸®¿¡ âÁ¶Çϱâ À§ÇØ ³× °³ÀÇ 165 ÇÇÆ® ±âµÕ À§¿¡ ¿Ã·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.(±¸Á¶ ´Ü¸éµµ¿Í ·»´õ¸µÇÑ ÀÔ¸éÀ» º¸½Ã¶ó) ö±ÙÄÜÅ©¸®Æ® º®½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ºÎºÐ ´Ü¸é°ú ÀԸ鵵 À§¿¡¼­ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

A typical office plan shows that the service core of the Federal Reserve Bank is pulled outside the office area. The building is raised on four 165-ft columns to create a sunlit civic plaza at the street(see structural section and rendered elevation). Partial section and elevation of the reinforced concrete wall system above.

 

´º¿åÀÇ ¿¬¹æÁغñÀºÇàÀº ±âÁ¸ ÀºÇà¿¡¼­ Á¼Àº °Å¸®¸¦ °¡·ÎÁú·¯ ÀÖ´Â ÀÛ°í, ºÒ±ÔÄ¢ÀûÀ¸·Î »ý±ä »çÀÌÆ®¿¡ Áö¾îÁ®¾ß¸¸ Çß´Ù. ½Ã´ç±¹À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÌ ¸ÇÇÏź Á߽ɰ¡ÀÇ °Ç¹°ÀÌ µÑ·¯½Î¾ß¸¸ ÇÏ´Â ¾çÀÇ »ç¹«¼Ò °ø°£À» Áþ±â À§Çؼ­ Çã°¡¸¦ ¹Þ±â À§Çؼ­´Â, °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç °Å¸® °ø°£ÀÌ °ø°ø¿ëµµ·Î ¹ÙÃÄÁ®¾ß¸¸ Çß´Ù. °ÇÃà°¡ Äɺó·ÎÇì¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Àü°³µÈ °èȹ¾ÈÀº °Ç¹°À» ³× °³ÀÇ ÄÜÅ©¸®Æ® ÇǾî À§·Î 165 ÇÇÆ®¸¦ µé¾î¿Ã¸®°í, ±× ¾Æ·¡ÀÇ °Å¸® ¼öÁØÀÇ °ø°£À» ºû°ú °ø±â°¡ ÅëÇϵµ·Ï °³¹æ½ÃÄѼ­ µµ½ÃÀÇ ÇöóÀÚ·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù.

The Federal Reserve Bank of New York was to be built on a small, irregularly shaped site across a narrow street from the existing bank. In order to receive permission from the city to build the amount of office space this downtown Manhattan building was to enclose, nearly all the space at the street was to be devoted to public use. The scheme developed by architect Kevin Roche raised the building 165 ft on four concrete piers, thus opening the ground level to light and air for use as a civic praza.

 

À§¿¡ º¸ÀÌ´Â ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â °ÇÃà°¡¿Í ±â¼úÀÚ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦¾ÈµÈ ¼¼ ¹ø°¿Í ¸¶Áö¸· ¾ÈÀ̾ú´Ù. ÃÖÃÊÀÇ µÎ °³ÀÇ ¾ÈÀº °­Àç ±¸Á¶½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» »ç¿ëÇß¾ú´Ù. °ÇÃàÁÖ´Â ÀÌ·± ·ùÀÇ °Ç¹°ÀÌ ³Ê¹« °íºñ¿ëÀÓÀ» ÀνÄÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú°í, µû¶ó¼­ ÀüºÎ ÄÜÅ©¸®Æ®¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ ±¸Á¶°¡ ¼³°èµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ °Ç¹°ÀÇ ½Ã°øÀÔÂû°¡°¡ ÀÌÀüÀÇ ¼³°è¾Èº¸´Ù 2500¸¸ ´Þ·¯³ª Àû°Ô ¸ÔÇû´Ù. ºÒÇàÇÏ°Ôµµ, ÀÌ ¾ÈÀº ¶ÇÇÑ °ÇÃàÁÖ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ½ÇÇà¿¡ ¿Å°ÜÁöÁö ¸øÇßÀ¸¸ç, ¾ÆÁ÷ Áö¾îÁöÁö ¾ÊÀº ä·Î ³²¾ÆÀÖ´Ù.

The project shown at right was the third and final scheme proposed by the architect and engineer. The first two employed steel structural systems. The client found these buildings too costly; therefore, the all-concrete structure was designed. Construction bids for this building were $25 million less than the previous designs. Unfortunately, this scheme was not carried through by the client either, and the building remains unbuilt.

 

»ç¹«¼Ò ¹Ù´ÚÀ» À§ÇÑ ±¸Á¶½Ã½ºÅÛÀº ¸Å´Þ¸° Æ©ºê·Î¼­ ÀÛ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ¿¬¼Ó °­°ñÁ¶·Î µÈ ³× ¸éÀ¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â ±âÁ¸ÀÇ Æ©ºê°¡ ¸ðµç Áß·ÂÇÏÁß°ú ¹Ù¶÷ÇÏÁßÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ Áö¹ÝÀ¸·Î Àü´ÞÇÏ´Â ¹Ý¸é¿¡, ¿¬¹æÁغñÀºÇàÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡¼­´Â Æ©ºêÀÇ °¡Àå ¹Ø¹Ù´ÚÀÌ µ¶¸³µÈ °­°ñÁ¶·Î¼­ Ÿ¿öÀÇ "´Ù¸®" ±¸½ÇÀ» ÇÏ´Â °Å´ëÇÑ º¸·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.

The structural system for the office floors works as a suspended tube. Whereas conventional tubes, working as four planes of a continuous rigid frame, take all gravity and wind forces down to the ground, in the Federal Reserve Bank, the tube's lower terminus is a huge beam that works with the "legs" of the tower as a separate rigid frame.

 

Áß·ÂÇÏÁßÀº ³× °³ÀÇ ±âµÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °¢ Ãþ ¹Ù´ÚÆÇ¿¡ ¸ðÀδÙ. ±âµÕÀÌ °Ç¹°ÀÇ ¿Ü°ü¿¡¼­ À§·Î Âß »¸¾îÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î, °¨´çÇÒ ÇÏÁßÀÌ Á¡Á¡ ÁÙ¾îµê¿¡ µû¶ó À§·Î ¿Ã¶ó°¥¼ö·Ï ´Ü¸éÀûÀÌ ÁÙ¾îµç´Ù-±¸Á¶»óÀÇ ÈûÀ» ÆÄ»çµå¿¡ ¸íÈ®ÇÏ°Ô Ç¥ÇöÇÏ´Â °æ¿ìÀÌ´Ù.

Gravity loads are picked up at every floor by the four columns. As the columns penetrate the height of the building exterior, they taper in response to the decreased distribution of load-a clear expression in the facade of structural forces.

 

¸£¸Þ½´¸®¾î¿Í ·ÎÇì ¸ðµÎ ÀÌ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡¼­ »ó´çÇÑ ¼ºÃë°¨À» ´À²¼°í, ºÒÇàÇÏ°Ôµµ Çö½ÇÈ­µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀ» À¯°¨½º·´°Ô ¿©±â°í ÀÖ´Ù. 1975³â¿¡ ¼³°èµÇ¾ú°í, ¸£¸Þ½´¸®¾î´Â ¿ª»çÀûÀ¸·Î ±×°ÍÀ» "±¹Á¦ÁÖÀÇ ¾ç½ÄÀÇ ÃÖÈÄ ÀÓÁ¾"À¸·Î ¿©±ä´Ù.

Both LeMessurier and Roche felt a great sense of accomplishment with this project and, understandably, regret that it was never realized. It was designed in 1975, and LeMessurier regards it historically as, "the last gasp of the International Style."

 

Structural engineer : LeMessurier/ SCI, Cambridge

Architect : Kevin Roche John Dinkeloo and Associates

Client : The Federal Reserve Bank of New York

Stories : 43

Height : 670 ft above grade