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Bank of the Southwest, Houston

                    

                     

[±×¸²¼³¸í]»ç¿ì½º¿þ½ºÆ® ÀºÇàÀÇ ±¸Á¶´Ü¸é(¾Æ·¡ ¿ÞÂÊ ±×¸²)Àº ÈûÀÇ ¸íÈ®ÇÑ È帧µµÀÌ´Ù. ö±ÙÄÜÅ©¸®Æ® ¸ð¼­¸® ±âµÕÀº ¸ðµç Áß·ÂÇÏÁßÀ» ¸ðÀº´Ù. ÈûÀÌ Áö¸éÀ¸·Î ÇâÇÒ¼ö·Ï Á¡Á¡ Áõ°¡ÇϹǷÎ, ±âµÕÀÇ Å©±â´Â Á¡Á¡ ³Ð¾îÁö¸é¼­ ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÀÀÇÑ´Ù. üũ¹«´ÌÀÇ °­Àç ³»Ç³°¡»õ´Â 9Ãþ ¸ðµâ·Î Á¶Á÷µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. °¡»õ´Â Æò¸é »ó¿¡¼­ °Ç¹°ÀÇ Äھ Á¤ÀÇÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ Ⱦ´ÜÇÑ´Ù.(À§ ¿ÞÂÊ ±×¸² : ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ ¹Ù´ÚÃþ Æò¸éµµ) °¢°¢ÀÇ ÃþÀÇ Áß·ÂÇÏÁßÀº °¡»õ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼öÁýµÇ¾îÁ®¼­ °á±¹¿¡´Â °¢ ¸ðµâÀÇ ±âÃʺο¡ ÀÖ´Â ±âµÕ¿¡ ¸ðÀδÙ. À§ ¿À¸¥ÂÊ ±×¸²ÀÇ ¸ðµ¨Àº °¢°¢ÀÇ 9Ãþ ¸ðµâÀÇ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ±¸Á¶¸¦ º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. ¾Æ·¡ ¿À¸¥Âʱ׸²Àº ÈÞ½ºÅÏ ½Ã³»ÀÇ ±âÁ¸ ÄÁÅؽºÆ® ³»¿¡ ½É°ÜÁø Á¦¾ÈµÈ Ÿ¿öÀÇ ÀÔ¸éÀ» ·»´õ¸µÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

The structural section of the Bank of the Southwest is a clear diagram of forces(below left). The reinforced concrete corner columns gather all gravity loads. As forces steadily increase toward the ground, the profiles of the columns respond by widening. The chevron configration of steel wind bracing is organized in 9-story modules. The bracing crosses in plan to define the building's core(above left : typical floor plan). The gravity load of each floor is collected by the bracing and eventually conveyed to the columns at the base of each module. The model at right shows the primary structure of each 9-story module. Below right : Rendered elevation of proposed tower projected within the existing context of downtown Houston.

              

 

ÀÌ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ ÇÙ½ÉÀûÀÎ ¿ä±¸»çÇ×Àº ÈÞ½ºÅÏ ½Ã³»¿¡¼­ Á¦ÀÏ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ °Ç¹°ÀÌ µÇ¾î¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. Ÿ¿ö°¡ Á¤»óºÎ¿¡¼­ 150 ÇÇÆ®(150ft*30.5cm=45.75m)·Î ÁÙ¾îµé±â ¶§¹®¿¡, ÈÞ½ºÅÏÀÇ Ç㸮ÄÉÀÎÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ Çظ¦ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â Áøµ¿À» ¸·±âÀ§ÇØ ±¸Á¶¹°À» ¿¹¿ÜÀûÀ¸·Î °­¼ºÀÌ Å©µµ·Ï ÇؾßÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¼ö¿ëÇÒ ¸¸ÇÑ °¡°ÝÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·¸°Ô Å« °­¼ºÀ» ¾ò±âÀ§Çؼ­ °Ç¹°ÀÇ Çü»ó ÀÚü¸¦ ¸Å¿ì È¿À²ÀûÀ¸·Î ÇؾßÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.

The key requirement for this project was that it be the dominant building in downtown Houston. Because the tower diminishes to 150 feet square at the top, it was necessary to make the structure exceptionally rigid to prevent structurally damaging vibrations in Houston's hurricanes. To achieve great rigidity at an affordable price demanded a very efficient geometry.

 

ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î, °¡Àå °æÁ¦ÀûÀÎ ÃÊ°íÃþ ±¸Á¶¹°Àº Áß·ÂÇÏÁßÀ» ÁöÁöÇϴµ¥ ¿ä±¸µÇ´Â ¸ðµç Àç·á°¡ ¹Ù¶÷ÇÏÁßµµ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÁöÁöÇϵµ·Ï ¹èÄ¡µÉ ¶§ »ý±ä´Ù. Ç﹫Ʈ ¾á¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ »ç¿ì¾²¿þ½ºÆ® ÀºÇàÀÇ °ÇÃ༳°è´Â °Ç¹°ÀÇ ³× ¸é¿¡ °¢°¢ 2°³¾¿ÀÇ °Å´ë±âµÕ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÁöÁöµÇµµ·Ï óÀ½ºÎÅÍ ¼öÇàµÇ¾ú´Ù.

In general, the most economical super-tall structures result when all the material required for gravity is also arranged to work effectively to resist wind. The architectural design of the Bank of the Southwest by Helmut Jahn implied from the start that the building be supported by two great columns on each of the four sides.

 

±¸Á¶¼³°èÀÇ ïñâд °Ç¹°ÀÇ ¼­·Î ¸¶ÁÖº¸´Â ¸éµéÀÇ ±âµÕÀ» ¿­°áÇÏ´Â È¿°úÀûÀÎ Àü´Ü½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. Áï, Áß·ÂÇÏÁßÀ» ¿ÜÁֺαâµÕ¿¡ Àü´ÞÇϸ鼭µµ È¿À²ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹Ù¶÷¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Àü´Ü·ÂÀ» ÁöÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °­°¡»õ°¡ ³× °³ Ãþ¿¡ °ÉÃÄ »ç¹«¼Ò°ø°£À» °üÅëÇÏÁö¸¸, ±× À§ÀÇ 5°³ Ãþ¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ¼­ºñ½º Äھ ÀÇÇØ °¨½ÎÁø´Ù. °ÇÃàÁÖ°¡ ÀÌ ÇØ°á¾È¿¡ µû¸¦ °æ¿ì Ÿ´çÇÑ ´ë¾È¿¡ ºñ±³ÇØ 200¸¸ ´Þ·¯(20,000,000$*1,300¿ø=26,000,000,000¿ø) ÀÌ»óÀ» Àý¾àÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½À» ±ú´Ý°í¼­´Â »ç¹«¼Ò¿¡¼­ "µéº¸(rafters) ±¸Á¶¹æ½Ä"¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ÇÃàÁÖÀÇ Ã³À½ÀÇ °ü½ÉÀº »ç±×¶óµé¾ú´Ù.

The key to the structural design is the efficient shear system which interconnects columns on opposite sides of the building, carrying gravity loads to the perimeter columns and efficiently resisting wind shear. Steel diagonal pass through office space for four floors but are then enclosed in the service core walls for five floors. The owner's initial concern over "rafters" in the offices disappeared when he realized that this solution would save more than $20 million compared to feasible alternatives.

 

¼³°è¿¡¼­ »ý±ä ºÎ°¡ÀûÀÎ °æÁ¦Àû ÀÌÀÍÀº ÄÜÅ©¸®Æ® ±âµÕÀ» A¸ð¾çÀÇ °­°ñÁ¶¿Í °­Àç¹Ù´ÚÆÇÀ» °°ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î½á °¡´ÉÇß´Ù. °­ÀçÀÇ »ç¿ëÀº °ñÁ¶ÀÇ ºü¸¥ ½Ã°ø°ú µÚµû¸¥ ÄÜÅ©¸®Æ® Ÿ¼³À» °¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô Çß´Ù. 10,000 psi ÄÜÅ©¸®Æ® ±âµÕÀ» °¡Áö°í¼­, 1´Þ·¯°¡ °­±âµÕÀÇ °æ¿ìº¸´Ù °Ç¹°¿¡ 5¹è ÀÌ»óÀÇ ÈÚ°­¼ºÀ» °¡´ÉÄÉ Çß´Ù.

An additional economy in the design results from the use of concrete columns in combination with steel A-frames and steel floors. The steel assured rapid construction of the frame, with concrete placement following. With 10,000 psi concrete columns, one dollar buys over five times the bending rigidity for the building that steel columns would provide.

 

Structural designer : LeMessurier Associates/SCI, Cambridge, in joint venture partnership with Walter P. Moore & Associates, Houston

Architect : Helmut Jahn, Murphy/Jahn, Chicago, and Lloyd, Jones & Brewer, Houston

Owner : Century Development, Houston

Stories : 78

Height : 1220 ft above grade